The impact of specific supplier development efforts on buyer competitive advantage : an empirical model

2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalAccepted ManuscriptPublishe

Correlation of influenza infection with glycan array

Poster Presentation: SPB1 / SPB2 - Virus Host Interaction/Pathogensis/Transmission: abstract no. B109PINTRODUCTION: The past 6 years has seen the introduction of glycan arrays containing large numbers of sialic acid (Sia) containing compounds and these arrays have been used to demonstrate the relative binding affinity of influenza viruses to different glycans. Though infor...postprin

Principal component analysis-T1ρ voxel based relaxometry of the articular cartilage: a comparison of biochemical patterns in osteoarthritis and anterior cruciate ligament subjects.

BackgroundQuantitative MR, including T1ρ mapping, has been extensively used to probe early biochemical changes in knee articular cartilage of subjects with osteoarthritis (OA) and others at risk for cartilage degeneration, such as those with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. However, limited studies have been performed aimed to assess the spatial location and patterns of T1ρ. In this study we used a novel voxel-based relaxometry (VBR) technique coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) to extract relevant features so as to describe regional patterns and to investigate their similarities and differences in T1ρ maps in subjects with OA and subjects six months after ACL reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsT1ρ quantitative MRI images were collected for 180 subjects from two separate cohorts. The OA cohort included 93 osteoarthritic patients and 25 age-matched controls. The ACLR-6M cohort included 52 patients with unilateral ACL tears who were imaged 6 months after ACL reconstruction, and 10 age-matched controls. Non-rigid registration on a single template and local Z-score conversion were adopted for T1ρ spatial and intensity normalization of all the images in the dataset. PCA was used as a data dimensionality reduction to obtain a description of all subjects in a 10-dimensional feature space. Logistic linear regression was used to identify distinctive features of OA and ACL subjects.ResultsGlobal prolongation of the Z-score was observed in both OA and ACL subjects compared to controls [higher values in 1st principal component (PC1); P=0.01]. In addition, relaxation time differences between superficial and deep cartilage layers of the lateral tibia and trochlea were observed to be significant distinctive features between OA and ACL subjects. OA subjects demonstrated similar values between the two cartilage layers [higher value in 2nd principal component (PC2); P=0.008], while ACL reconstructed subjects showed T1ρ prolongation specifically in the cartilage superficial layer (lower values in PC2; P<0.0001). T1ρ elevation located outside of the weight-bearing area, located in the posterior and anterior aspects of the lateral femoral compartment, was also observed to be a key feature in distinguishing OA subjects from controls [higher value in 6th principal component (PC6); P=0.007].ConclusionsThis study is the first example of T1ρ local/regional pattern analysis and data-driven feature extraction in knees with cartilage degeneration. Our results revealed similarities and differences between OA and ACL relaxation patterns that could be potentially useful to better understand the pathogenesis of post-traumatic cartilage degeneration and the identification of imaging biomarkers for the early stratification of subjects at risk for developing post-traumatic OA

Replication of avian and seasonal influenza viruses in human bronchus and lung

BACKGROUND: Pandemics of 1957 and 1968 were believed to arise from avian influenza viruses.1 The tropism of avian and human seasonal influenza viruses for the human lower respiratory tract deserves investigation. The target cell types that support replication of avian influenza A viruses in the human respiratory tract in the early stages of clinical infection have not well defined. In a previous autopsy studies of human H5N1 disease, influenza A virus were found to infect alveolar epithelial cells2 and macrophages.3 In this study, viral infectivity and replication competence of human and high and low pathogenic avian influenza viruses were systematically investigated in the human conducting and lower respiratory tract using ex vivo organ cultures. We compared the replication kinetics of human seasonal influenza viruses (H1N1 and H3N2), low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H9N2, H5N8) with that of the highly pathogenic H5N1 viruses isolated from human H5N1 disease …link_to_OA_fulltex

Replication and innate host response of influenza A virus in lung microvascular endothelial cells: new insights into systemic infection and pathogenesis

INTRODUCTION: Though influenza A virus replication kinetics and host responses have been previously studied in umbilical vein endothelial cell or transformed endothelial cell lines, the tropism of influenza A virus including H5N1 and pandemic H1N1pdm for primary human lung microvascular endothelial cell has not been well defined.1 In this study we employed primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells, which are more physiologically relevant for understanding pathogenesis of influenza in the lung as to obtain a better understanding of the links of endothelial cell infection to systematic virus dissemination and multiple organ involvement in severe human influenza …link_to_OA_fulltex

Cyclops lesions detected by MRI are frequent findings after ACL surgical reconstruction but do not impact clinical outcome over 2 years.

ObjectivesTo assess the impact of cyclops lesions with MRI in patients treated for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears on clinical outcome.MethodsIn 113 patients (age 29.8 ± 10.5y; 55 females; BMI 24.8 ± 3.7 kg/m2) with complete ACL tear, 3 T-MRI scans were obtained before, 6-months, 1-year (n = 75) and 2-years (n = 33) after ACL reconstruction. Presence and volume of cyclops lesions were assessed. Clinical outcomes were measured using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and differences between time points (∆KOOS) were calculated. Changes of KOOS subscales were compared between patients with and without cyclops lesion. KOOS was also correlated with lesion volume.ResultsCyclops lesions were found in 25% (28/113), 27% (20/75) and 33% (11/33) of patients after 6-months, 1- and 2-years, respectively. The lesion volume did not change significantly (P > 0.05) between time points, measuring 0.65 ± 0.59, 0.81 ± 0.70 and 0.72.9 ± 0.96 cm3, respectively. Clinical outcomes based on KOOS subscales were not significantly different in patients with cyclops lesions compared to those without cyclops lesions (each comparison P > 0.05), and no significant associations of clinical outcomes with lesion volume were found (P > 0.05).ConclusionsNeither presence nor size of cyclops lesions within the first 2-years after ACL surgery were associated with inferior clinical outcome.Key points• Cyclops lesions had a prevalence of 25% in patients after ACL reconstruction. • Subjects with cyclops lesions did not have an inferior clinical outcome. • Cyclops lesions developed within the first 6 months after surgery. • The size of cyclops lesions did not significantly change over a period of 2 years